Drill chuck



May l, 1928.

M. P. HUBBELL DRILL CHUCK Filed Dec. 17. 1926 ATTORNEYS Patented lMuy 1, 1928.

UNITE- s TATES QEFICE,

DRILL CHUCK.

Application filed December 17, 1926. Serial No. 155,397.

The invention relates to drill chucks and has for its object to provide type in which may be effected requiring the use a device of this the adjustment of the jaws in a simple mannery without of extraneous devices such as zlteys, and in which the drill or other iinpleinent is clamped in the j mum efficiency.

aws with maxi- A further object of the invention is to provide a construction in which the manufacturing operations are simplified andin which forces and strains developed during the use of the chuck are or neutralized. Other more will appear from the absorbed specific objects description hereinafter and the features of novelty will be pointed the accompanying" drawings' which illustrate an example of the invention withoutdefining its limits,

in whichV Fig. 1 is an elevati partly in section; Fig. 2 is section thereof on the line on of the chuck a longitudinal 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Figa?) is a cross-section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. #i is a. similar lf-4 of Fig. 2; Fig. .5 is an clinch; Fig. 6 is jaws, andFig. 7

on the line 7`7 of Fig. 6.

As shown in the drawings,

view on ythe line end view ofthe an elevation of one of the 1s adetail sectional View the chuck comprises a nut 1() having an arbor hole 11 whereby the chuck is mounted u aon the lathe or other machine in the `conventional manner, and further having a reduced neck 12 at 'its inner end and an annular shoulder 13 at the base of said neck, will appear hereinafter. outer end the nut l() includes a the purpose of which At its opposite tapering outer end portion 14 externally screwthreaded,` as'indicated at 15, the outer end faceof the nut 10 being located in abutting engagement with the 1G jAof the chuck body 17.

inner `end face The latter is provided with jaw-channels 18 which extend lengthwise toward the outer end `face through said body and converge of the body at which end 'A face the jaw-channels terminate.

Jaws 19 are movably mounted in the channels 18 and are adjustable lengthwise thereof in directions which converge toward the outer end face of the body,

to be more fully set forth hereinafter.

jaws 19 are provided with in the manner The stems Q0 which comprise preferably integral extensions of said jaws and, in the preferred construction, have their inner surfaces concaved to conform to the radius of the th readed end porvent-ional manner as, for instance,`by means of 4pins 23 or the like, and projects in an axial direction beyond ythe body 17 in a manner to completely renclose the nut-'10, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; an annular flange 2f-i extends inwardly from the'sleeve 22 into surface engagement with the neck 12 and in 'axially spaced relation to the shoulder 13. For the purpose of absorbing and neutraliaing strains, and more particularly end thrusts, suitable means may be located between the 'Flange 245 and the shoulder 13; asishown in Figs. 1 vand '2, thisi'neans consis-ts ofhardened metal washers 25, it being understood that these washers may be re'- `player-id by other equivalent devices. For the purpose of maintaining the nut 10 and the body 17 in axial. alignment and in order to provide a bearing upon which the nut 10 and the bodyT 17 may be relatively rotated, these elements are provided with an axial recess 26 and a cooperating hub 27; in the illustrated example, the axial recess 26 is located in the nut 10 and projects in an axial direction from the outer' end face thereof, and the hub-i27 is part ofthe body 17V and projects in an axial direction from the inner/end thereof into said recess, as Iclearly shown in Fig. 2. 1t will bel understood that in some constructions it may be desirable to reverse the location ofl thev recess and hub with respect tov the nut 10 andbody 17. The body may be provided with peripheral sockets 28 for the' accommodation of la suitable implement if additional leverage should berequired for rotating said body. "13o facilitate the manufacture ofthe chuck, the body 17 may be providedwith an arbor recess Q9 extending in an axial direction from rthe end face ofthe hub 9.7, as shown inF 2.

Assuming the chuclrto be mounted upon a lat-he or other machine, it will be obvious, if the body 17V is rotated about its axis and relatively to the nut 10, that the cooperating action of the screw-thread 15 of said nut and the teeth 2l of the jaws 19 will cause the latter rto be adjusted either in converging or diverging directions lengthwise of the channels 18 and into and out of gripping engagementi` with the drill or other tool for which,

Y te slip causes the body 17 to rotate the chuck may be designed. These operations are capable of being accomplished through the medium of the sleeve 22 in a simple and efficient manner, and the use of an implement in the sockets 28 will be required only to start the releasing operation of the chucl: and to perhaps complete the final step of the gripping operation thereof. During these rotative adjustments, the cooperating action of the recess 26 and the hub 27 provides a bearing for the rotating element and at the same time maintains the body and the nut in the desired axial alignment. By arranging the nut in abutting; engagement with the body 17, a most rigid construction is provided, in which strains, and particularly end thrusts, are absorbed and are not transmitted to the thread or to the teeth 21 of the jaws 19. The latter elements are thus protected against injury and the position of the jaws with respect to each other is maintained against disturbance so that the accuracy of operation of said jaws is positively maintained throughout the life of the chuck. By concaving;` the inner surfaces of the stems to conform exactly to the radius of the threaded portion 14., the jaws 19. when assembled in the bo jf 17, are positively held against rotation about their own axes and thereby are maintained in positive, proper, operative relation to each other. At the same time the action of the thread 15 upon the teeth 21 is facilitated and j amming of these parts is entirely avoided.

ln addition. to the above the novelv construction provides the further advantage that any tendency of the drill. or other tool about the threaded portion 14; and thus force the jaws 1S) outwardly into increased gripping eniragement with said drill or other tool, it being' assumed that the spindle or arbor of the lathe ou which the chuck is mounted is revolving` right hand and that the thread 15 is left hand.

The improved construction provides a chuck of maximum efficiency in which the required elements are reduced to the smallest number and in which manufacturing difficulties are practically done away with. In the chuck illustrated and described herein, the arbor recess 29 may be 'utilized in the production of the body 17; that is to say, the body may first be turned on an automatic machine, at which time the aforesaid arbor recess 29 is also produced. All other operations, such as drillingand reaming the jaw-channels and the grinding of the peripheral surface ofthe body as well as the exterior surface of thchub 27, may be performed while the body is mounted through the medium of the arbor recess 29 upon a lathe or other suitable machine. This method insures a uniformly accurate production of bodies and is of considerable practical advantage in manufacturing. In the present arrangement the nut 10 is threaded at its end portion only. and constitutes al modified buttress which insures a maximum of strength and, as previously stated herein, relieves the thread and the cooperating teeth of the jaws from unnecessary strains.

Various changes in the specific form shown and described may be made within the scope of the claim without departing 'from the spirit of my invention.

l. claim: v

A key-less chuck comprising a nut having a tapering` outer end portion externally screwlthreaded and provided in its outer end face with an axial recess of substantial size, a machined body having its inner end face in abutting engagen'ient with the outer endl face of said nut and provided with inclined,

converging` jaw-channels, a hub projecting from the inner end face of said body and tting in the recessof said nut, said hub being'` provided with a recess ample in size lo have accommodated a holdingY member in said recess in the machiningr of the said body, jaws niovably mounted in said channels, stems comprising extensions of said jaws and having their inner surfaces threaded to mesh with the threaded end portion of said nut, a reduced neck at the inner end of said nut, a shoulder formed on said nut adjacent said neck, a ferrule iixedly secured to said body and enclosing said nut for rotating said body and jaws relative to said nut whereby said jaws are adjusted lengthwise of said channels, an annular flange extending' inwardly from said ferrule into engagement with said reduced neck and formino' a bearing for said shoulder, and a bearing member interposed between said shoulder and said flange.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

MINOTT P. HUBBELL. 

